RESUMO
Health protection of women of reproductive age is a priority direction of state policy. In protection of reproductive health of women no small importance is played by development of organization of primary medical sanitary care and specialized medical care of women during pregnancy and delivery. The study was carried out in the Republic of Bashkortostan and covered period of 2017-2021. It was established that the number of women of fertility age decreased up to 3,9% that became one of causes of reduction of birth rate from 12.1 to 9.8 respectively. At that, the level of maternal mortality increased up to 8.9 times (from 4.1 to 36.8 per 100,000 born alive). In 2021, out of 37,775 women who completed their pregnancy, 99.3% were examined by therapist and only 92.2% passed such an examination prior to 12 weeks of their pregnancy. On the gestation period of 11-4 weeks, 91.3 % of pregnant women were subjected to ultrasound examination of fetus with detection of maternal serum markers and 94.4% of pregnant women were examined at the 19-21 weeks of pregnancy. Among pregnant women, rate of diseases and pathological conditions that preceded or developed during pregnancy slightly increased. Increasing of morbidity of anemia, diseases of endocrine system, including diabetes mellitus, was noted. The deterioration of particular indicators of organization of medical care of women according to profile "obstetrics and gynecology" occurred during period of COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of three-level system of organization of medical care resulted in significant reduction of number of obstetric and gynecological hospital beds.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Pandemias , Gravidez , Humanos , Feminino , Bashkiria , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/terapia , Assistência ao Paciente , OrganizaçõesRESUMO
We studied immunohistochemical and morphometric characteristics of the spermatogenic epithelium in rats against the background of peroral administration of nanoparticles containing titanium dioxide. Substantial degenerative changes in the spermatogenic epithelium were revealed: thinning, disorganization of layers, and detachment of sperm cells from the basement membrane. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed reduced proliferative activity and differentiation potential of epithelial cells, which was confirmed by changes in the expression of Ki-67 and c-kit markers. Our data attest to unfavorable effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the structural and functional characteristics of the reproductive system in male rats leading to spermatogenesis disturbances.
Assuntos
Células Intersticiais do Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas/administração & dosagem , Túbulos Seminíferos/efeitos dos fármacos , Células de Sertoli/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Titânio/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Células Intersticiais do Testículo/metabolismo , Células Intersticiais do Testículo/ultraestrutura , Masculino , Nanopartículas/química , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Túbulos Seminíferos/metabolismo , Túbulos Seminíferos/ultraestrutura , Células de Sertoli/metabolismo , Células de Sertoli/ultraestrutura , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Espermatozoides/citologia , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The technique of atomic-force microscopy was applied to analyze the structural functional characteristics (morphology, force of adhesion, rigidity of membrane) of neutrophils in patients with chronic obstructive disease of lungs in phase of exacerbation. The regimen of force spectroscopy was applied to implement quantitative evaluation of module of elasticity (Young module) of cell membrane and force of adhesion of neutrophils. The study established decreasing of size of neutrophils, increasing of granularity of cytoplasm, increasing of Young module and force of adhesion in patients with chronic obstructive disease of lungs in phase of exacerbation.
Assuntos
Membrana Celular/ultraestrutura , Módulo de Elasticidade , Microscopia de Força Atômica , Neutrófilos/ultraestrutura , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The work deals with cytological characteristics of neurons, glias and synapses of the anterior amygdaloid area of rat brain amygdaloid complex, one of the areas of sexual dimorphism, at the stage of estrous and after gonadectomy. The electron microscopic investigation of neurons at the stage of estrous has revealed that greater part of neurons display increased or moderate activities. A decrease in the functional activities of AAA neurons was observed after gonadectomy.
